The structure of the yurt - three worlds

The yurt is divided into three tiers, each symbolizing a different level of existence: the upper world of angels; the middle world, where humans live; and the lower world of devils. This vertical structure emphasizes the connection between heaven and earth and the importance of harmony in life.

Horizontally, the yurt is divided into the sides of the world, which also reflects the social hierarchy of the Kazakh society. Tor, which is a place of honor, was the furthest place from the door, and was the place for the most respected members of the society. This place was always lined with the best carpets, and the most valuable things were placed behind it, which marked the status and respect for traditions.

Symbolism of yurt elements

Each element of the yurt has its own meaning. For example, the shanyrak, which connects the “wings” of the yurt, symbolizes a family and a clan. It was handed down from generation to generation as a relic, and its careful treatment was an important aspect of family traditions. Many wishes are associated with the shanyrak, such as “May your shanyrak be high”, which emphasizes the importance of family well-being and happiness.

The door of the yurt, which separates the inner world from the outer world, also carries a deep meaning symbolizing the well-being and protection of the family. The tradition when the bride’s family prepared the door for the young, while the groom brought the jambs and threshold, emphasizes the importance of living together and responsibility for the welfare of the family.

Ornaments and their significance

The decoration of the yurt with ornaments served not only an aesthetic purpose, but also was a kind of amulet. Patterns depicting animals and vegetation symbolized wealth and abundance. One of the most popular patterns - koshkar muyiz, or “ram's horns” - was used everywhere, reflecting the connection with nature and life.

While creating everyday objects, craftsmen used many patterns depicting water and vegetation, which emphasized the importance of these elements for life. These ornaments not only decorated the yurt, but also served as a reminder of the need to take care of nature and the surrounding world.

Thus, the yurt is not just a dwelling, but also the world where each element has its own sacred meaning. It reflects not only the cultural traditions of the Kazakh people, but also their deep connection with nature and the universe. Wishes associated with the yurt, such as “May your door jamb be strong”, emphasize the importance of these elements in the Kazakh life and culture, preserving their heritage for future generations.

3/18/2025